GDM, LightDM, SSDM. You'll come across these terms in various Linux forum discussions.
These are display managers usually associated with certain desktop environments. Learn more about them in this article.
What is display manager in Linux?
In simple terms, a display manager is a program that provides graphical login capabilities for your Linux distribution. It controls the user sessions and manages user authentication. Display manager starts the display server and loads the desktop environment right after you enter your username and password.
The display manager is often synonymous with the login screen. It is the visible part of it after all. However, the visible login screen, also called greeter, is only a part of the display manager.
As with various desktop environments and display servers, there are various display managers available as well. Let’s have a look at them.
Different display managers
Some people think of the display manager as part of the desktop environment but that’s not the case. It is a separate program.
A desktop environment may recommend a certain display manager but it doesn’t mean that it won’t work with some other display manager. If you ever installed more than one desktop environment in the same system, you might remember that a login screen (i.e., the display manager) allows you to switch the desktop environments.
Though the display manager is not part of the desktop environment, it is often developed by the same team as the desktop environment. It also becomes part of the identity of the desktop environment.
For example, the GNOME desktop environment develops GDM (GNOME Display Manager) and just by looking at the login screen, you would think of GNOME desktop environment.
Some popular display managers are:
- GDM (GNOME Display Manager): preferred by GNOME
- SDDM (Simple Desktop Display Manager): preferred by KDE
- LightDM: developed by Ubuntu for Unity desktop
Display managers can be customized
There are so many desktop environments available. Do they all have their own display managers? No, that’s not the case.
As I mentioned previously, the visible login screen is called a greeter. This greeter can be customized to change the looks of the login screen.
In fact, many distributions and/or desktop environments have written their own greeters to give users a login screen that resembles their brand.
For example, Mint’s Cinnamon desktop uses LightDM but has its own greeter to give it more Mint-like (or should I say Cinnamon-like) looks.
Take a look at Kali Linux’s login screen:
If you are into coding and tweaking, you can modify or code your own greeter as per your liking.
Changing display manager
You can change the display manager if you want. You need to install the display manager first. You’ll see the option to switch the display manager while installing.
If you didn’t do it initialy, then you can change the display manager by manually configuring it later. The method to reconfigure the display manager is slightly different for different distributions and not in the scope of this article.
Conclusion
I hope you have a slightly better understanding of the term “display manager” in Linux. The aim of this jargon buster series is to explain common Linux colloquial and technical terms in non-technical language without going into too much detail.
I welcome your comments and suggestion.
